Dapagliflozin

Dapagliflozin is a medication that belongs to the class of drugs known as sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors. It is primarily used to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus by helping to lower blood glucose levels. The drug works by inhibiting the reabsorption of glucose in the kidneys, which increases the excretion of glucose in the urine.

Mechanism of Action

• Dapagliflozin exerts its effects by inhibiting the sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) in the renal tubules of the kidneys. By blocking this transporter, Dapagliflozin reduces the reabsorption of glucose from the urine back into the bloodstream. This leads to increased urinary glucose excretion, thereby lowering blood glucose levels. Additionally, this mechanism may also contribute to weight loss and reductions in blood pressure.

Indications

• It is commonly prescribed for the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus, particularly in patients who require additional glycemic control beyond diet and exercise. In some cases, it may also be used off-label for other conditions such as heart failure and chronic kidney disease under close medical supervision.